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Costs

What are costs? Definition and meaning

In the business sense, costs are a monetary unit. This indicates the consumption of production factors that are required for the creation of operational outputs, such as goods and services.

In the macroeconomic sense, the term costs covers, in addition to material goods, also intangible values. Different types of costs, such as personnel costs or material costs, cannot always be assigned to a cost object. They are therefore also distinguished between directly attributable individual costs and indirectly attributable overhead costs.

Depending on the level of capacity utilisation, costs are also distinguished into fixed and variable costs. While fixed costs are constant, variable costs depend on the level of capacity utilisation.

Costs vs tasting and prices: which one is meant

In everyday language, the verb “to cost” also relates to asking about a price (“What does that cost?”), and in German the related word can even mean tasting food. In the business sense, by contrast, costs denote the consumption of production factors expressed in monetary terms. That is the meaning this article refers to.

Frequently asked questions

What is the difference between fixed and variable costs?
Fixed costs stay constant, regardless of the level of capacity utilisation. Variable costs, by contrast, depend on the level of capacity utilisation and rise or fall with the volume produced.
What are individual and overhead costs?
Individual costs can be assigned directly to a cost object, whereas overhead costs can only be assigned indirectly. The distinction is needed because not every type of cost can be attributed clearly to a cost object.
How do I keep track of project costs?
With the project controlling from projectfacts, costs are recorded promptly, assigned to a cost centre and monitored continuously against the plan.